Norberto Nicola Brazilian, 1930-2007

Norberto Nicola (1930–2007) redefined tapestry in Brazil, affirming it as an autonomous artistic language. In 1959, he co-founded the Douchez-Nicola studio with Jacques Douchez, pioneering research that integrated tapestry into contemporary art. A turning point in his career came in 1965 when he encountered Magdalena Abakanowicz at the 8th São Paulo Biennial. Inspired by her Abakans, Nicola published the manifesto Woven Forms (1969) and exhibited at Galeria Documenta, introducing the concept of carpet-objects—three-dimensional textile works that break from traditional flat forms.

Nicola’s tapestries intertwine threads, wool, and horsehair, creating layered compositions that reveal gaps and textures. His work blends geometric abstraction, as seen in his early pieces influenced by Samson Flexor, with organic movement akin to Anni Albers and Roberto Burle Marx. Pieces like Ciranda(2002) evoke playful circular motion, while Xamã (1997) alludes to shamanic traditions through tactile, sculptural forms.

Beyond his own creations, Nicola championed textile art in Brazil. He was the first to exhibit a tapestry at the São Paulo Biennial (1963) and curated major exhibitions, including the 1st Exhibition of Brazilian Tapestry (1974) and the Tapestry Triennial (1976). His dedication to the loom and his deep fascination with material culture continue to resonate in Brazilian art history.